Jazz dance is an umbrella term that can refer to several related dance styles. All of them are 
connected via common roots, namely tap, ballet, jazz music, and African-American rhythms and dance.
connected via common roots, namely tap, ballet, jazz music, and African-American rhythms and dance.HISTORY: Jazz dance originated from the African American vernacular dance of the late 1800s to the mid-1900s.
Until the mid 1950s, the term "jaz
z dance" often referred to tap dance, because tap dancing (set to jazz music) was the main performance dance of the era. During the later jazz age, popular forms of jazz dance were the Cakewalk, Black Bottom (dance), Charleston, Jitterbug, Boogie Woogie, Swing dancing and the related Lindy Hop.
After the 1950s, pioneers such as Katherine Dunham took the essence of Caribbean traditional dance and made it into a performing art. With the growing domination of other forms of entertainment music, jazz dance evolved on Broadway into the new, smooth style that is taught today and known as Modern Jazz, while tap dance branched off to follow its own, separate evolutionary path. The performance style of jazz dance was popularized to a large extent by Bob Fosse’s work, which is exemplified by Broadway shows such as Chicago, Cabaret, Damn Yankees, and The Pajama Game.
Today, jazz dance is present in many different forms and venues. Jazz dance is commonly taught in dance schools and performed by dance companies around the world. It continues to be an essential el
ement of musical theatre choreography, where it may be interwoven with other dance styles as appropriate for a particular show. Jazz dancing can be seen in music videos, in competitive dance, and on the television show, So You Think You Can Dance.
Until the mid 1950s, the term "jaz
z dance" often referred to tap dance, because tap dancing (set to jazz music) was the main performance dance of the era. During the later jazz age, popular forms of jazz dance were the Cakewalk, Black Bottom (dance), Charleston, Jitterbug, Boogie Woogie, Swing dancing and the related Lindy Hop.After the 1950s, pioneers such as Katherine Dunham took the essence of Caribbean traditional dance and made it into a performing art. With the growing domination of other forms of entertainment music, jazz dance evolved on Broadway into the new, smooth style that is taught today and known as Modern Jazz, while tap dance branched off to follow its own, separate evolutionary path. The performance style of jazz dance was popularized to a large extent by Bob Fosse’s work, which is exemplified by Broadway shows such as Chicago, Cabaret, Damn Yankees, and The Pajama Game.
Today, jazz dance is present in many different forms and venues. Jazz dance is commonly taught in dance schools and performed by dance companies around the world. It continues to be an essential el
ement of musical theatre choreography, where it may be interwoven with other dance styles as appropriate for a particular show. Jazz dancing can be seen in music videos, in competitive dance, and on the television show, So You Think You Can Dance.TECNIQUE:Technique is the foundation for all dance movement. A strong technical foundation which enables a dancer to focus on the stylistic and performance aspects of dance. Technique is essential for leaps and turns, where correct posture is essential to properly execute such moves. Also, jazz dancers' strong and sharp movements are greatly aided by a good background in ballet technique. However, while ballet movement emphasizes the upbeat of music, jazz dance emphasizes the downbeat.
Center control is important in jazz technique. The body's center is the focal point from which all movement emanates, thus making it possible to maintain balance while executing powerful movements.
Spotting is important as a turning technique as well. This technique enables a dancer to execute Pirouettes and
fouetté's without becoming dizzy.
Jazz classes require some form of moderate intensity stretching in order to warm up the muscles and help prevent injuries. Some techniques used in the warm up consist of elongating leg muscles and strengthening the core.
Most jazz dancers wear leather jazz shoes, coloured either black or beige, to help them move smoothly when executing turns (e.g. pirouette)
Center control is important in jazz technique. The body's center is the focal point from which all movement emanates, thus making it possible to maintain balance while executing powerful movements.
Spotting is important as a turning technique as well. This technique enables a dancer to execute Pirouettes and
fouetté's without becoming dizzy.Jazz classes require some form of moderate intensity stretching in order to warm up the muscles and help prevent injuries. Some techniques used in the warm up consist of elongating leg muscles and strengthening the core.
Most jazz dancers wear leather jazz shoes, coloured either black or beige, to help them move smoothly when executing turns (e.g. pirouette)
COMMON DANCE AND MOVES: Although jazz dance can be performed its traditional form, it is often influenced by other dance styles such as acro, ballet, contemporary, lyrical, and hip hop. In turn, many other dance styles are influenced by jazz dance. Common jazz dance moves include:
Ball change
Jeté
Split Leap
Switch Leap/Swish Split
Stag Leap
Pas de bourrée
Piqué passé
Pirouette
Pivot step
Renversé
Toe Rise
Touch step
Chancé
Chaîné Turns
Posé Turns
Step-ball Change
Rush-ins
Turning Pas de bourrée
Step-Tuck Chassé
Jazz Runs
Step Ball Change
Centre Split Leap
Lame Duck Turn
Illusion Kick
Authentic Jazz Moves (almost all of them are 8-count and start on 8):
Suzie Q (dance move)
Shim Sham
Shim Sham Break
Basic Charleston
Charleston Break
Savoy Kick
Fall Off The Log
Boogie Back
Boogie Forward
Boogie Drop
Shorty George
Fish Tail
Tick Tock
Tack Annies
Half Break
Mess Around
Camel Walk
Rusty Dusty
Scarecrow
Broken legs
Box Step
Apple Jack
Gaze Afar
Horse (kick-ball-change - step - skip - step - kick-ball-change - down (gaze afar))
Rocking
Hesitation
Jumpin' Charleston
Squat Charleston
Skating
Truckin'
Spank A Baby
Peckin'
Around The World Charleston
Crazy Legs
Lock-turn
Rubber Legs
Kick Around (downhold on 8)
Knee Slap
Shine Your Shoes
Siska-boom-bah (roundkick - triplestep)
Single - Single - Double Kick
Tabby The Cat
Flyin' Charleston (high-kick - slide - back-step - kick-step)
Corkscrew
Flea Hop (Slip Slop)
Bees' Knees
Shouts
NOTABLE DIRECTORS DANCERS AND CHOREOGRAPHERS
Katherine Dunham, considered the grandmaster of jazz dance technique. She was a key inspiration to most modern jazz dance legends.
Jack Cole, considered the father of jazz dance technique. He was a key inspiration to Matt Mattox, Bob Fosse, Jerome Robbins, Gwen Verdon, and many other choreographers.
Eugene Louis Facciuto (aka "Luigi"), an accomplished dancer who, after suffering a crippling automobile accident in the 1950s, created a new style of jazz dance based on the warm-up exercises he invented to circumvent his physical handicaps.
Bob Fosse, a noted jazz choreographer who created a new form of jazz dance that was inspired by Fred Astaire and the burlesque and vaudeville styles.
Gus Giordano, an influential jazz dancer and choreographer.
Jerome Robbins, choreographer for a number of hit musicals, including Peter Pan, The King and I, Fiddler on the Roof, Gypsy, Funny Girl, and West Side Story.
Gwen Verdon, known for her roles in Damn Yankees, Chicago, and Sweet Charity
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